The cognitive science of religion is a new field which
explains religious belief as emerging from normal cognitive
processes such as inferring others' mental states, agency
detection and imposing patterns on noise. This paper
investigates the proposal that individual differences in belief
will reflect cognitive processing styles, with high functioning
autism being an extreme style that will predispose towards
nonbelief (atheism and agnosticism). This view was
supported by content analysis of discussion forums about
religion on an autism website (covering 192 unique posters),
and by a survey that included 61 persons with HFA. Persons
with autistic spectrum disorder were much more likely than
those in our neurotypical comparison group to identify as
atheist or agnostic, and, if religious, were more likely to
construct their own religious belief system.

ASD=autistas
NT=personas normales (neurotípicas)
http://csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu/proceedings/2011/papers/0782/paper0782.pdf
En resumen, dos estudios concluyen que el ateísmo tiende a atraer más a autistas y a individuos con síndrome de Asperger...